Newgate Market

Newgate Market
   Between Rose Street, Newgate Street, and Paved Alley, Paternoster Row, in Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Ward Within (O.S. 1848-51).
   First mention by this name: 1601 (H. MSS. Com. Salisbury, XI. pp. 156, 176 and 194), but see below.
   Described by Strype as a square piece of ground, incompassed with fair houses, 148 feet broad and 194 feet long. In the middle a Market House in form of a cross, standing on pillars or columns. Vaults and cellars underneath, and Cupola or Bell Tower over it. Stalls round about for butchers, etc. (Strype, Ed. 1720, I. iii. 195).
   Before the Fire the Market was in the centre of Newgate Street, west of Middle Row, as shown in Leake, 1666, and in a survey of the Greyfriars, 1546 and 1617, in Trans.
   L. and M. Arch. Soc. V. 421, and see S. 345. But this position was found to be extremely inconvenient, and it was ordained by Parliament after the Fire that the market should not be re-established in the middle of the street, but that a separate piece of ground should be set apart for the purpose.
   In this survey of 1546 it is called the" mele market and St. Nicholas flesh shambles."
   There was a street called Newgate Market in the parish of St. Nicholas within Newgate, 1566 (Lond. I. p.m.II. 43), shown in the survey above mentioned.
   Market abolished 1869, when Smithfield Central Market was established, and the site of the later Newgate Market is now occupied by Paternoster Square (q.v.), so named 1872.
   The market was an ancient institution and it seems probable from a charter of King Stephen to St. Martin le Grand that it was in existence at that time, for he confirms to the College a piece of land " with three stalls in the market" (Kempe, p.45).
   This would seem to be Newgate Market, which was in close proximity to St. Martin's, but it is also possible that it might be an allusion to the great market of Chepe.

A Dictionary of London. . 1918.

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